Madam Nur Jahan
(Published in The Friday Times) - The twentieth century trajectory of Pakistani music and stardom are epitomised in the life and works of Madame Nur Jehan (1929 - 2000) also known as Malika-e-Tarranum. Had there been no partition of boundaries, musicians and composers in 1947, she would have been a subcontinental diva. A common Punjabi aphorism, loosely translated, states that there never was and never will be anyone like Nur Jehan. With her incredible talent, fiercely independent persona, flamboyance and ingrained humility, she surpasses even the best of global icons. The complexity of her life and times have yet to be appreciated: breaking with convention, she defined a new set of rules in the patriarchal entertainment industry, manipulating it where possible to ensure that she would not become the archetypal exploited South Asian singer. Her wit and lust for life remained till the end, and with the exception of not having died in her beloved Lahore, she died with no regrets.
When nine years ago, the Queen of Melody breathed her last breath in a Karachi hospital, the circumstances of her death were considered peculiar by Believers. Even in death she achieved what ritualistic Muslims seek all their lives – to die on the holiest day of the year. The twenty-seventh night of the holy month of fasting is widely believed as a night when all prayers are answered and the gates of forgiveness are let open. This is reportedly the reason that her Karachi-based daughters hastened her burial. (Other less spiritual accounts explain it as a consequence of conflict among her children by different husbands, and the struggle to control family assets).
Reclaiming melody
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Labourers of love: Mushtaq Soofi, Izzat Majeed & Christoph Bracher |
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Mian Yusaf Salahuddin’s Haveli, where Tarang was launched |
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Christoph Bracher testing equipment at Sachal Studios |
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Revival of the orchestra by Sachal Studios is a landmark in Pakistan’s music industry |
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Izzat Majeed: patron of music |
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Singers and musicians showcasing their skills at Sachal Studios |
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Humaira Channa |
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Izzat Majeed was raised in a household where good music was an object of reverence. His late father, Mian Abdul Majeed was an avid music fan, and from an early age his son was introduced to the finer details of sub-continental classical music. Mian Abdul Majeed was a student of Ustad Akbar Ali Khan and introduced Izzat to the layers and nuances of Indian film music that continue to guide him in his tastes and sensibilities |
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Started as a labour of love, Sachal Studios has released ‘Tarang,’ a collection of music that brings together the best musicians from all over Pakistan, and Humaira Channa’s competent voice. Of late, Channa has been a victim of commercial success and the quality compromises that define Pakistan’s derelict film music. Sachal’s production is a relief; a fresh departure from the usual, and the melodic results are impressive.
At the Old Lahore Haveli, Channa with her family and associates were accorded the respect they deserve. In a similar vein, immensely talented artists, such as the tabla maestro Billoo Khan and Pakistan’s leading sitar player, Ustad Nafees Ahmed Khan also attracted the attention of the star-studded guest list and Lahore’s usual chatterati. It was on a dimly lit terrace of the Haveli that I was introduced to Izzat Majeed, who looked pleased with himself and his Sachal partners as notes from the latest album mixed with the spring air.
Inspired by the Abbey Road Studios in London, Majeed and Soofi have been working for the last six years with Christoph Bracher, a scion of a German musicians’ family, to design and set up Sachal Studios. A state of the art music studio in Lahore is a landmark, for it heralds a new trend of post-production finesse that has hitherto been missing from the Pakistani music production process. A major contribution of Majeed is his introduction of the concept of ‘music-producers’. The norms of the industry have tragically reduced the role of a producer to an investor, from that of someone who drives the quality, provides technical inputs and steers the overall aesthetic of a musical experience.
Majeed related to me how he was raised in a household where good music was an object of reverence. His late father, Mian Abdul Majeed was an avid music fan, and from an early age his son was introduced to the finer details of sub-continental classical music. His father was a student of Ustad Akbar Ali Khan and introduced Majeed to the layers and nuances of Indian film music that continue to guide him in his tastes and sensibilities.
As he reminisced about the lost eras, Majeed told me how Jazz captured his imagination in his youth. “Believe it or not, great performers such as Louis Armstrong visited Lahore, and played fabulous music at the United States Information Services office on Queen’s Road,” he recalled. But he laments the fact that the vacuum that the local music scene is trapped in is gigantic. Ustad Mehdi Hasan does not sing any more, Madame Noor Jehan is dead and the great golden voices are getting lost in the onslaught of new trends in the music industry. He conceded that the pop scene is vibrant, but a bulk of those productions are “pure electronic noise”. Majeed is right, because the Pakistani state has demolished, brick by brick, the secular, composite culture of the Indus Valley and replaced it with a crippling “ideology” where no flowers bloom, where no bulbul sings.
This is why Sachal Studios is such an important intervention. It flies in the face of the state’s enforced desertification of culture; it seeks to encourage younger singers like Feriha Pervaiz, Ali Raza and Zaheer Abbas amongst others, to become heirs of the traditions that have historically defined musical consciousness in the popular domain. Izzat Majeed is also a poet in Punjabi and English, and so is Mushtaq Soofi. The two music aficionados have lent their verse to the myriad compositions of Sachal Studios.
Sachal’s efforts to build an orchestra have been rewarding. There is joy and unabashed triumph in Majeed’s tone when he says that in 2003 only 10 violinists were available in Lahore; the number has now increased to 30, providing extraordinary ground to the Sachal orchestra on which it can expand and deepen its range. The glorious sub-continental tradition of employing grand orchestras to enhance melodies, used by legends such as Naushad Ali, Madan Mohan, Khayyam, Shankar Jaikishen and Salil Chaudhry has become extinct except perhaps in the works of the genius, A R Rehman. In Pakistan, Majeed has picked up the tradition of serious film music of yesteryear, and has revitalised it; one hears the endangered violin instead of the plain electronic synthesiser in works produced by Sachal Studios.
But Majeed makes no grand claims. “I am not a crusader; I create music for the pleasure of music itself,” he says. This is an unusual statement in a country where bragging is a national pastime. It is easy to understand why Majeed’s partnership with Mushtaq Soofi has been fruitful. Soofi, a notable Punjabi poet, with vast experience in music production at Pakistan Television (PTV), is as self-effacing as Majeed. I met Soofi at the Sachal Studios premises, where he talked to me about his passion for music, sitting at his desk, chain-smoking, books with subjects ranging from pre-Islamic Persia to sources of the English language lying on his lacquered table. Like Majeed, he has also been immersed in music for the better part of his life. And after a long stint at PTV he has devoted his energies to Sachal. The prospect of pursuing music unencumbered by bureaucratic obstacles has set Soofi free.
Earlier, my visit to Sachal was quite an experience. Amid the ramshackle automobile workshops and Warris Road limits, which are constantly shrinking due to encroachments, stood the refurbished building, not too high yet modern in character. Like its vision, the environs and facilities of the studios were also ground-breaking. The state-of-the-art arrangements and impeccable acoustics have led to high quality results. I recalled
Noor Jehan & Khurshid Anwar
I loved Fawad's post "A Divine Musical Collaboration - Noor Jehan & Khurshid Anwar" and here it is:
In the wake of Khalid Hasan's death, the great Pakistani songstress Noor Jehan (Wikipedia) has been much on my mind. Khalid Hasan was a great admirer of the late Madam and wrote a much quoted tribute essay on Noor Jehan. Perhaps more importantly he translated Saadat Hasan Manto's great portrait of Noor Jehan's early years as a rising diva in pre-partition Bombay under the title "Nur Jehan: One in a Million" (unfortunately this link is to a scan of the essay and hard to read but the essay is included in the collection "Stars from Another Sky"). "Stars from Another Sky" includes other translations of Manto's brilliant Urdu sketches published in "Ganjay Farishtay" and "Loudspeaker" on film industry icons like Ashok Kumar, Nargis, Naseem Bano (Dilip Kumar's wife, Saira Bano's mother) and Shyam.
A Wild Lover Of God – Rumi
A Wild Lover Of God
The maker of the all-time classic Umrao Jaan is all set to end his over-a-decade-long hiatus from filmmaking.
Three Melodies – the evergreen voice of Noor Jehan
I wish to apologise for those who may not be able to understand the lyrics - but I was most excited to find these videos on the internet.
Abhi Dhoond Rahi Thi Tumhe Yeh Nazar Hamari
[youtube:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGeL9JIr6Wk]
Galli mein Aaj Chand Nikla (The moon has re-appeared in my lane)
This is a great song from a brilliant, but less known film Zakhm (wound). The film dealt with the thorny issue of communalism during the Bombay riots of 1990s; and how the protagonists' concurrently bear Hindu and Muslim identities making it difficult for them to side with one particular group. In the final analysis, the film turns the whole subject around and articulates a strong yet subtle message of humanism.
Galli mein aaj chand nikla (The moon has re-appeared in my lane) has an old-world feel about it; the composition invokes the age of early Bollywood music and the lyrics are quite moving as well.
Gulzar’s Mera Kuchh Samaan…
This poem composed by Gulzar was beautifully rendered by Asha Bhosle in the unforgettable film Ijazat. Someone forwarded me the text and I suddenly remembered all those evenings, when this song was played and re-played amid friends, beloveds and memories. All the little objects of my room at home (that has changed so many times now), at college, and wherever this song was played suddenly came to life.. Good grief, I am being sentimental. I need to go back to work!
I am not posting the Urdu text - I don't have a translation; however, I am uploading a video here with my favourite Rekha and the formidable Naseeruddin Shah - those who cannot read Urdu might like to listen to the lilting melody..
Fascist Wilders should be ignored
"..calling it a film is to abuse both the English language and the legacy of cinema"
Yesterday, a friend sent an internet link to Mr Wilders' crappy excuse of a "film". It was so silly, distastefully offensive that I felt pity at Wilders' utter lack of talent and skill. By according more attention than the idiotic film, the Muslims will only make him more popular and a rallying point for Islamophobia disguised as freedom of expression. Wilders has to be ignored and all peaceful protest against Islamophobia should continue.
As always, my dear friend Ali Eteraz is on top of things - by way of his intelligence and wit evident from this excellent article.
What I'm really wondering: is Wilders' protesting against Islam or the monopoly extremists already have over grainy, low-budget, YouTube videos? .......
The rest of the film is a mixture of conflating the most painful and heart-wrenching images from terror-strikes with extremist imams, in an effort to turn the entirety of Islam into a demonic edifice. This is neither new, nor interesting. It is a facile trick for facile minds....
The Kite Runner: the Afghan tragedy goes unexplained
Khalid Hoseni's book, now turned into a film has been a best seller. It is touching as a personal narrative and indeed quite well-written. However, the issue with the book and more so with the film is this redemption - the saviour complex - that subtly ties in with the political discourse on Afghanistan. That external forces need to save it and somehow repair its fissures and heal its wounds. What can be farther from the truth?
Found this engaging review - am quoting some passages here:
A R Rahman’s devotion to Khawaja Muinuddin Chishty
Music and Love share a primordial bond. None other than the legendary and a genius of our times Allah Rakah Rahman, better known to the world as A.R. Rahman appreciates it at a much deeper level. The composer who has been honoured by the world and the subcontinent, he is a follower of the Chishty school of Sufism.
After a glorious career path and adding melody to South Asian music, A R Rahman has set up a music conservatory in India dedicated to none other than Khawaja Ghareeb Nawaz of Ajmer. Two letters, K and M, are lucky for Rahman and also reflect his devotion to the great Saint, his teachings and all-encompassing spirituality.
This is perhaps why his latest composition for the film Jodhaa Akbar - Khawaja Meray Khawaja - is a matchless piece. It is subtle and moves at a pace akin to that of a lover's - slow yet impatient, heavy and full of yearning. It is a separate matter that the film-maker turned it into a nightmare of pop-Sufi icons - whirling dervishes in medieval Ajmer and with fake beards.
Here is the Khwaja Meray Khawaja's amazing track. Ignore the video - just listen to it. For lyrics and their competent translation.
May God bless AR for his music and search for the path.
My other favourites from A R Rahman are found below:
Kehha hi Kiya (Bombay)
Dil hai chotta sa (Roja)
Jiya Jale (Dil Se)
The list goes on - so more later
Jodha Akbar – this is no ordinary film
My blogger friend, Manasvi wrote this reviewof Jodha Akbar and I am glad that the film is good.
Jodha Akbar brings to cinema an epic love story that even if imagined is just too wonderful.
There have been controversies about the fact that recorded history has little evidence on the character of Jodha Bai. My simple question is: what about the oral histories of the subcontinent. Why must we always remain beholden to court historians and foreign travellers - why not respect what generations have believed over time?
Finally some filmi cooperation..
Interesting developments in Pakistani cinema: first the release and accolades that a newly released Khuda Ke Liye (In the name of God) received and now the screening of a Mahesh Bhatt film in Pakistan defying conventional wisdom and using innovative ways of selling it to officialdom. Himal magazine has published a report entitled Filmi cooperation. Here is an excerpt:
The release on 13 July of Indian director Mahesh Bhatt's film Awarapan (roughly translated as 'Wanderlust') in 22 cities in Pakistan was no ordinary event. There had been little hope that the Censor Board of Pakistan would issue a certificate to the film's co-producer, Sohail Khan, to allow the film's public screening. Even once that certificate was obtained, religious fundamentalist forces and associations of local film directors and producers issued multiple warnings against Awarapan's Pakistan release.
Shahzada Irfan Ahmad says that the issue is more of economy rather than ideology.
Read the full entry here.
I had seen the movie a month ago. Awarapan as a film has its weaknesses - the plot in part is stereotypical, there is unnecessary violence, the "secular" cliche of Hindu boy falling for a Muslim girl is re-invoked; and it is a wee bit long. But it deals with the issue of human trafficking, portrays Islam and Muslims in a sensitive manner (unlike the hysteria on terror and terror-plots) and develops the protagonist's character rather well. Our hero Imran Hashmi was better known for his intimate encounters on the cinema than his acting skills. He is a protege of the Bhatts and this time they have made an actor out of him.
Not a bad effort, on balance!
‘Gandhi, My Father’ – humanising heroes
It is an interesting coincidence that the new Bollywood film, Gandhi - My Father has been released days before the subcontinent celebrates sixty years of independence. This well made film revisits Gandhi's personal life and his troubled relationship with his son Harilal who died the same year as his father.
I saw the film yesterday and it was deeply tragic and moving at the same time. The conflict between parenting and leading a nation was delicately handled by the director, Feroze Abbas Khan. Gandhi could transform India and was a Bapu for the world but Harilal suffered in this larger scheme of fate, history and politics.
Akshaye Khanna has proven his mettle with the right director and a larger than life role - he portrays the various moods and phases of his tragic life with an amazing ease. He is truly gifted. Darshan who plays the Mahatama is also excellent and the two wives are also the sensitive characters, who while secondary to this major relationship bring much depths to the drama.
Bollywood has finally broken several barriers; and it is refreshing to see that our neighbours are recognizing that their leaders were after all humans. And this humanity adds to their stature.
Hope we also learn from this trend and stop treating our founding fathers as deities. Amazing that Gandhi and Jinnah both had to compromise their personal lives over national interests. Jinnah's daughter did not move to Pakistan; and their relationship also became most tragic once the Quaid was close to realising the dream of Pakistan.
Interestingly, the movie reiterates Gandhi'sfamous quote where he confessed that there were two people whom he could not convince - his 'Muslim friend', Mohammad Ali Jinnah and his own son Harilal.
The film has its weak moments - it becomes slow paced at times and loses focus as the demands of commercial cinema make the script meander. Another irritating issue is the constant effort of the film-makers to maintain Gandhi's stature as Mahatama. The constraints can be appreciated given Gandhi's legendary status in India. There are times when Gandhi does appear to be a bit insensitive to his son. However, his adherence to the national cause and keeping his personal and family interests subordinate to those of India and her people is highlighted throughout the narrative.
The backdrop is the Indian struggle for Independence and this by itself makes a great viewing. Of course, the historical narrative is straight from the Indian nationalist discourse and views the demands of Muslims from that perspective. This is understandable given the subject but it does irk one a little. Why can't a more nuanced understanding emerge? After all, Mr Jinnah had agreed on a united India during the talks on Cabinet Mission. It is a sad fact of history that the Congress rejected the Cabinet Mission Plan and not the Muslim League. The film sounds a little simplistic when the narrator states that a pained Gandhi accepted partition to avoid further bloodshed! That may be true as well. History is not that linear as claimed but then this was not the theme of the film.
Overall, it is a touching film that should not be missed by those interested in quality cinema and history.
Swedish film icon Bergman dies at 89
From daily DAWN:
STOCKHOLM, July 30: Legendary Swedish film director Ingmar Bergman, who influenced a generation of film-makers with his often stark works on themes of mortality and sexual torment, died on Monday at the age of 89.
For many movie buffs, Bergman was the greatest of the authorial film-makers of the 1950s and 1960s, outranking even such figures as Federico Fellini, Luis Bunuel or Jean-Luc Godard.
The self-taught film-maker and scriptwriter died in the morning at his home on Faro Island in the Baltic Sea, Cissi Elwin, chief executive of the Swedish Film Institute, said.
Earlier this month, Bergman put in a brief appearance at the annual celebration on Faro Island of his half-century career, but remained in a wheelchair and seemed very tired, she said.
Ernst Ingmar Bergman was born in Uppsala, Sweden, on July 14, 1918, the second of three children.
Bergman was famed for films such as ‘Wild Strawberries’, ‘Scenes From a Marriage’ and ‘Fanny and Alexander’ — a classic that won four Oscars — and made him an acknowledged master of modern cinema.
‘Fanny and Alexander’, was the director’s last big screen production.—Agencies
The Clay Bird
A moving tale of a young boy and his family trapped in the circumstances of rural Bangladesh and the turmoil of late 1960s. Read article here >>
Striking Prints from a young Pakistani artist

 I finally got hold of the digital images of some lovely prints by Samar Ataullah - a graduate of the National College of Arts, Lahore.
Beyond the barriers – Ram Gopal Verma
The work of Ram Gopal Varma and his associates is ushering in a new era of Bollywood cinema
If there is one individual and talent who has been instrumental in shaping the current Indian cinema, it is Ram Gopal Varma, aka RGV. The fact that I, in Pakistan, am writing about an Indian filmmaker may be thought a little odd; but whether we like it or not, cable television has institutionalised the demand for Indian films here in Pakistan. While the country's cinema houses are being turned into hideous plazas that violate practically every building code there ever was, the rise of the multiplex is not only luring but also creating a class of loyal cine-goers in our neighbouring country. And there, RGV seems to be ruling the roost. During my visit to Delhi last year, I was informed that all shows for his latest film Sarkar had been sold out weeks in advance.
Thus was I forced to turn to a pirated version procured from a snazzy DVD shop in Lahore. The owner informed me that new laws were on the cards that would soon put pirated DVDs and CDs out of business. However, on my last visit to that outlet, sales were booming as usual. Piracy is too profitable a business and is far too highly in demand to be phased out through the mere enactment of law. Indian cinema thrives and whatever we choose to make of it, Bollywood is here to stay. In any case, the history of subcontinental cinema – and for that matter, classical music – is deeply complex and subverts political and geographical borders.








The challenge of translating a historical era into a cinematic endeavour is daunting, especially when it concerns historically contested subjects such as the fabled love between 16th century Mughal Emperor Akbar and Jodha Bai, the legendary princess from Rajputana who later ruled India as Empress and symbolised the Hindu-Muslim accord of the times. However, it is not historical accuracy, or lack thereof, which defines the rather exasperating cinematic narrative of an otherwise glorious period of the subcontinent's history. It is the facile treatment of history, its interpretative variants and its actors that makes the Bollywood film Jodhaa-Akbar a disappointment.