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	<title>Comments on: The invisibility of the Mughal princesses</title>
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	<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/</link>
	<description>In search of the unsearchable: O, my soul! where would you find your house?</description>
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		<title>By: vaniyazehra</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-12449</link>
		<dc:creator>vaniyazehra</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2009 15:36:54 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>hi i am douther of princess shafiya sakina  an she is douther of  princess  fatima fouzia  hoo bye</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>hi i am douther of princess shafiya sakina  an she is douther of  princess  fatima fouzia  hoo bye</p>
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		<title>By: Mohammad A.Bajwa</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-11297</link>
		<dc:creator>Mohammad A.Bajwa</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 2009 23:15:50 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Great people always live and so will Zebunnissa.An American choregrapher has developed a drama on Zebunnissa&#039;s poem &quot;Gulbaikawali&quot; has been performed in Tashkent and at the Kennedy Center, Washington DC.Roads to Samarkand  was developed as a program by Silk Route Dance Company and is available on Youtube.com</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great people always live and so will Zebunnissa.An American choregrapher has developed a drama on Zebunnissa&#8217;s poem &#8220;Gulbaikawali&#8221; has been performed in Tashkent and at the Kennedy Center, Washington DC.Roads to Samarkand  was developed as a program by Silk Route Dance Company and is available on Youtube.com</p>
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		<title>By: RR</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-6783</link>
		<dc:creator>RR</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Sep 2008 09:12:25 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Dear Cindy

What a treasure!
Indeed, you can donate it to the Lahore Museum as Noor Jehan is buried in Lahore.
cheers
Raza</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dear Cindy</p>
<p>What a treasure!<br />
Indeed, you can donate it to the Lahore Museum as Noor Jehan is buried in Lahore.<br />
cheers<br />
Raza</p>
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		<title>By: Cindy Finkes</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-6774</link>
		<dc:creator>Cindy Finkes</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Sep 2008 23:20:34 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>I have a Ivory Miniature Portrait of the Empress Nur Jahan. It&#039;s about 400 years old. It should be in a museum. Do you know of any museums that would be interested in having this in their collection?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have a Ivory Miniature Portrait of the Empress Nur Jahan. It&#8217;s about 400 years old. It should be in a museum. Do you know of any museums that would be interested in having this in their collection?</p>
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		<title>By: ibrahim</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-5990</link>
		<dc:creator>ibrahim</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Aug 2008 14:05:18 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>A very thought provoking piece of writing that is indicative of teh second rate status that Southasians have always accorded to women. Except for Nur Jahan the rest of the princesses are hardly known to us. thank you for letting us know the royal literati of the bygone days.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A very thought provoking piece of writing that is indicative of teh second rate status that Southasians have always accorded to women. Except for Nur Jahan the rest of the princesses are hardly known to us. thank you for letting us know the royal literati of the bygone days.</p>
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		<title>By: IMeMy</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-5975</link>
		<dc:creator>IMeMy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Aug 2008 13:56:23 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>&quot;What can be done about a â€˜historyâ€™ that renders women invisible and reinforces violence, ambition and greed? Perhaps, continuously challenge and rewrite it.&quot;  Suspicious as I am about revisionist literature, I like your take on how to make these illustrious women &#039;visible&#039;.

Do you think the likes of Benazir will also be rendered invisible in the annuls of Pakistani History?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;What can be done about a â€˜historyâ€™ that renders women invisible and reinforces violence, ambition and greed? Perhaps, continuously challenge and rewrite it.&#8221;  Suspicious as I am about revisionist literature, I like your take on how to make these illustrious women &#8216;visible&#8217;.</p>
<p>Do you think the likes of Benazir will also be rendered invisible in the annuls of Pakistani History?</p>
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		<title>By: Abhay Tiwari</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-5973</link>
		<dc:creator>Abhay Tiwari</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Aug 2008 12:52:40 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>a lot of information and analysis bundled in a very lucid and entertaining style.. really nice!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>a lot of information and analysis bundled in a very lucid and entertaining style.. really nice!</p>
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		<title>By: Meher</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-5797</link>
		<dc:creator>Meher</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Jul 2008 20:23:21 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Thank you for this touching &amp; informative piece!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thank you for this touching &amp; informative piece!</p>
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		<title>By: shehla masood</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-5663</link>
		<dc:creator>shehla masood</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Jul 2008 06:53:33 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>We have to believe  Jehangir&#039;s wife Noor Jehan was the real force behind the Mughal throne. Begam Nur Jehan was the 20th and favourite wife of Mughal Emperor Jehangir, who was her second husband - and the most famous Empress of the Mughal Empire. She met the emperor Jehangir at the palace meena bazaar. Jehangir grew so infatuated by her beauty that he proposed immediately and they were married of the same year. Mehr-un-Nisaa received the name Nur Mahal (&quot;Light of the Palace&quot;) and was conferred the title Nur Jahan (&quot;Light of the world&quot;) in 1616 Jahangir&#039;s actual name was Nur-ud-din Muhammad, and thus the name that he gave to his wife was his own first name combined with the first part of his regal name.She remains historically significant for the sheer amount of imperial authority she wielded - the true &quot;power behind the throne,&quot; as Jehangir was battling serious addictions to alcohol and opium throughout his reign - and is known as one of the most powerful women in the history of India. Noor Jehan was one of the most influential women of her era. Nur Jehan&#039;s illustrious reign (1611-1627) saw her effectively shape the expanding Mughal Empire, along with her immense contributions to the arts, religion and flourishing overseas trade. Coming from a family with strong literary background, Noor Jahan&#039;s great poetic works, along with her interests in the traditional Persian culture of perfume -making, jewellery, rich fabrics and newest designed fashionable attire, form a significant source of the Mughal&#039;s contribution to India. They were also noted for their patronage of the arts that included innumerable paintings in traditional Mughal artistic style created in their time, along with several charming gardens, and stunning architectural works such as the Nur Mahal Sarai in Jalandhar. 

The daughter of Iltutmush, Razia Sultana was the first female Muslim ruler of South Asia. She was a talented, wise, just and generous woman. She was a great administrator and was well versed in governmental affairs. She was not only a good leader in the battlefield but herself was also an excellent fighter.shrewd politician, Razia managed to keep the nobles in check, while enlisting the support of the army and the populace. Her greatest accomplishment on the political front was to manipulate rebel factions into opposing each other. At that point, Razia seemed destined to become one of the most powerful rulers of the Delhi sultanate. But Razia miscounted the consequences that a relationship with one of her advisers, Jamal-ud-Din Yaqut, an Abyssinian Habshi slave, would have for her reign.When Razia Sultana was trying to suppress the rebellion in Bhatinda, her own Turkish officers deposed her from the throne of Delhi and made her brother Bahram the Sultan. Razia Sultana married the governor of Bhatinda, Malik Altunia, and reoccupied the throne. She was defeated by the Turkish nobles and was compelled to flee away. A peasant who had offered her food and shelter while fleeing from an encounter killed her in her sleep. she established schools, academies, centers for research, and public libraries that included the works of ancient philosophers along with the Quran and the Traditions of Muhammad. Hindu works in the sciences, philosophy, astronomy, and literature were reportedly studied in schools and colleges.Razia refused to be addressed as Sultana because it meant &quot;wife or mistress of a sultan&quot;. She would answer only to the title &quot;Sultan&quot;.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We have to believe  Jehangir&#8217;s wife Noor Jehan was the real force behind the Mughal throne. Begam Nur Jehan was the 20th and favourite wife of Mughal Emperor Jehangir, who was her second husband &#8211; and the most famous Empress of the Mughal Empire. She met the emperor Jehangir at the palace meena bazaar. Jehangir grew so infatuated by her beauty that he proposed immediately and they were married of the same year. Mehr-un-Nisaa received the name Nur Mahal (&#8220;Light of the Palace&#8221;) and was conferred the title Nur Jahan (&#8220;Light of the world&#8221;) in 1616 Jahangir&#8217;s actual name was Nur-ud-din Muhammad, and thus the name that he gave to his wife was his own first name combined with the first part of his regal name.She remains historically significant for the sheer amount of imperial authority she wielded &#8211; the true &#8220;power behind the throne,&#8221; as Jehangir was battling serious addictions to alcohol and opium throughout his reign &#8211; and is known as one of the most powerful women in the history of India. Noor Jehan was one of the most influential women of her era. Nur Jehan&#8217;s illustrious reign (1611-1627) saw her effectively shape the expanding Mughal Empire, along with her immense contributions to the arts, religion and flourishing overseas trade. Coming from a family with strong literary background, Noor Jahan&#8217;s great poetic works, along with her interests in the traditional Persian culture of perfume -making, jewellery, rich fabrics and newest designed fashionable attire, form a significant source of the Mughal&#8217;s contribution to India. They were also noted for their patronage of the arts that included innumerable paintings in traditional Mughal artistic style created in their time, along with several charming gardens, and stunning architectural works such as the Nur Mahal Sarai in Jalandhar. </p>
<p>The daughter of Iltutmush, Razia Sultana was the first female Muslim ruler of South Asia. She was a talented, wise, just and generous woman. She was a great administrator and was well versed in governmental affairs. She was not only a good leader in the battlefield but herself was also an excellent fighter.shrewd politician, Razia managed to keep the nobles in check, while enlisting the support of the army and the populace. Her greatest accomplishment on the political front was to manipulate rebel factions into opposing each other. At that point, Razia seemed destined to become one of the most powerful rulers of the Delhi sultanate. But Razia miscounted the consequences that a relationship with one of her advisers, Jamal-ud-Din Yaqut, an Abyssinian Habshi slave, would have for her reign.When Razia Sultana was trying to suppress the rebellion in Bhatinda, her own Turkish officers deposed her from the throne of Delhi and made her brother Bahram the Sultan. Razia Sultana married the governor of Bhatinda, Malik Altunia, and reoccupied the throne. She was defeated by the Turkish nobles and was compelled to flee away. A peasant who had offered her food and shelter while fleeing from an encounter killed her in her sleep. she established schools, academies, centers for research, and public libraries that included the works of ancient philosophers along with the Quran and the Traditions of Muhammad. Hindu works in the sciences, philosophy, astronomy, and literature were reportedly studied in schools and colleges.Razia refused to be addressed as Sultana because it meant &#8220;wife or mistress of a sultan&#8221;. She would answer only to the title &#8220;Sultan&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>By: Fozia</title>
		<link>http://www.razarumi.com/2008/07/18/the-invisibility-of-the-mughal-princesses/comment-page-1/#comment-5642</link>
		<dc:creator>Fozia</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 19 Jul 2008 12:12:34 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Thanks for all this information; I too have never read anything so comprehensive about the Mughal ladies.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for all this information; I too have never read anything so comprehensive about the Mughal ladies.</p>
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